{"id":2613,"date":"2017-06-12T11:02:37","date_gmt":"2017-06-12T09:02:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cpn.congopeacenetwork.org\/?p=2613"},"modified":"2017-06-12T11:02:37","modified_gmt":"2017-06-12T09:02:37","slug":"la-liberte-de-manifestations-en-rdc-defis-et-enjeux-majeurs-conference-organisee-par-la-cellule-paefaculte-de-droit-de-lulpgl-et-le-club-de-paix-de-cpn-ulpgl-goma-tenue-le-02","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/?p=2613","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab LA LIBERTE DE MANIFESTATIONS EN RDC : DEFIS ET ENJEUX MAJEURS \u00bb Conf\u00e9rence organis\u00e9e par la cellule PAE\/Facult\u00e9 de Droit de l\u2019ULPGL et le club de Paix de CPN ULPGL-GOMA TENUE LE 02 JUIN 2017"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <w:WordDocument>\n  <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>\n  <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>\n  <w:TrackMoves\/>\n  <w:TrackFormatting\/>\n  <w:HyphenationZone>21<\/w:HyphenationZone>\n  <w:PunctuationKerning\/>\n  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>\n  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font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019article 26 de la constitution Congolaise; La \u00a0libert\u00e9 des manifestations est garantie. Toute manifestation sur les voies publiques ou en plein air, impose ses organisateurs d\u2019informer par \u00e9crit, l\u2019autorit\u00e9 administrative comp\u00e9tente. Nul ne peut \u00eatre contraint de prendre part \u00e0 une manifestation.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Eu \u00e9gard \u00e0 ce qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de, le facilitateur de Congo Peace Network, Monsieur Wiston MUPEKASE, Assistant aux programmes de Justice, Genre et Droits humains, a d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 et critiqu\u00e9 cette th\u00e9matique en se basant sur les points ci-dessous\u00a0:<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Du Cadre l\u00e9gal de la libert\u00e9 de manifestation<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Cette libert\u00e9 est garantie par les normes internationales et nationales. Concernant les lois internationales nous avons cit\u00e9\u00a0: l\u2019article 21 du pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques de 1966, l\u2019article 11 de la charte africaine des droits de l\u2019homme et des peuples de 1986. Pour les lois nationales nous avons\u00a0: l\u2019article 26 de la constitution de 2006, le d\u00e9cret-loi du 29 janvier 1999 portant r\u00e9glementation des manifestations et r\u00e9unions publiques, la circulaire n<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">\u03bf<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\"> 002\/2006 sur les r\u00e9unions et manifestations publiques en p\u00e9riode de campagnes \u00e9lectorales.<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">2. <strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Du R\u00e9gime juridique applicable<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">L\u2019Alin\u00e9a 2 de l\u2019article 26 de la constitution pr\u00e9voit le r\u00e9gime d\u2019information. Tandis que l\u2019article 4 du d\u00e9cret-loi de 1999 soumet toute manifestation et r\u00e9union publique \u00e0 une d\u00e9claration pr\u00e9alable\u00a0; et si possible \u00e0 une autorisation. Aux termes de l\u2019article 221 de la constitution, le r\u00e9gime d\u2019autorisation est devenu inconstitutionnel et ne doit plus \u00eatre \u00e9voqu\u00e9\u00a0; car cette disposition pr\u00e9voit que\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Tant qu\u2019ils ne soient pas contraires \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sente constitution, les textes l\u00e9gislatifs et r\u00e9glementaires en vigueur, restent maintenus jusqu\u2019\u00e0\u00a0 leur abrogation ou modification\u00a0\u00bb. Egalement, l\u2019article 215 d\u00e9montre la valeur sup\u00e9rieure\u00a0 des trait\u00e9s et accords internationaux, r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement ratifi\u00e9s par la RDC sur les lois nationales.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2 class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"text-indent: -18pt; text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-language-override: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal;\">3. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Du r\u00f4le des forces de l\u2019ordre dans la gestion des manifestations publiques<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">La constitution de 2006 \u00e0 son articles 183 et 188 disposent que\u00a0 la police nationale congolaise ainsi que les forces arm\u00e9es sont au service de la nation congolaise et que nul ne peut les d\u00e9tourner \u00e0 se propres fins\u00a0; Egalement l\u2019article 2 de la loi organique du 11 ao\u00fbt 2011 et l\u2019article 48 de la loi du 1<sup>er<\/sup> juin 2013, d\u00e9finissent respectivement les\u00a0 missions de la police nationale dans la protection des personnes et de leurs biens et le respect des droits et libert\u00e9s fondamentaux reconnus \u00e0 tout individu.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2 class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"text-indent: -18pt; text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;\">4.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Exception d\u2019usage de la force pendant les manifestations<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-left: 18.0pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">L\u2019article 5 du d\u00e9cret-loi de 1999, stipule que\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0les forces de l\u2019ordre n\u2019interviennent pour disperser les manifestations qu\u2019en cas de d\u00e9bordements et ou de trouble graves\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0; l\u2019article 8 de la loi du 11ao\u00fbt 2011, renseigne, qu\u2019en cas de l\u2019usage de la force, il faut que la Police nationale respecte le principe de proportionnalit\u00e9 et de progressivit\u00e9. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Ce qui n\u2019est toujours pas le cas en RDC.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"text-indent: -18pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;\">5.\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">De la responsabilit\u00e9 en cas des troubles \u00e0 l\u2019ordre public, aux biens publics et priv\u00e9s par les manifestants<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">La responsabilit\u00e9 des organisateurs d\u2019une manifestation est engag\u00e9e, suite aux dommages caus\u00e9s par les participants, bien \u00e9videmment avec les auteurs de ces dommages\u00a0; c\u2019est en vertu de l\u2019article 9 du d\u00e9cret-loi de 1999. <\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h2 class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"text-indent: -18pt; text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;\">6. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><strong><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Les forces des violations de la libert\u00e9 des manifestations connues et pratiqu\u00e9es en RDC<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<h4 class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Les restrictions non justifi\u00e9es relevant des actes administratifs, portant des interdictions de certaines manifestations de l\u2019opposition, de d\u00e9ploiements massifs des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de l\u2019ordre sur les rues pour contraindre les manifestants de l\u2019opposition, des arrestations, d\u00e9tentions et emprisonnements arbitraires des manifestants, parfois des actes de torture inflig\u00e9s aux d\u00e9tenus ici de manifestations publiques, des d\u00e9tentions prolong\u00e9es et jugements\u00a0 non motiv\u00e9s dont sont victimes certains opposants, arr\u00eat\u00e9s pendant les manifestations, des assassinats et autres coups et blessures volontaires dont subissent les citoyens, en exprimant et jouissant de leur libert\u00e9 de manifestation.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2 class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst\" style=\"text-indent: -18pt; text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Wingdings;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-language-override: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal;\">7. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Les obligations de manifestants et aux policiers avant l\u2019usage d\u2019arme \u00e0 feu<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h4 class=\"MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle\" style=\"text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2;\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">1.<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-language-override: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Les obligations dans le chef des manifestants\u00a0: respect les lois, l\u2019ordre public et les bonnes m\u0153urs, en particulier les biens publics et priv\u00e9s, respecter l\u2019itin\u00e9raire fix\u00e9e pour la manifestation.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-style: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font-feature-settings: normal; font-language-override: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-synthesis: weight style; font-variant: normal;\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">Les obligations des forces de l\u2019ordre\u00a0: respecter et prot\u00e9ger\u00a0 la dignit\u00e9 de la personne humaine, respecter et d\u00e9fendre les droits de l\u2019homme, le droit humanitaire et les droits et libert\u00e9s fondamentaux de l\u2019individu garantis par les lois nationales et internationales\u00a0; assurer la surveillance et la protection des manifestants pour \u00a0le bon d\u00e9roulement de manifestations. Cependant, avant de faire usage d\u2019armes \u00e0 feu, le policier doit\u00a0 avertir les manifestants par cette formule\u00a0:\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0Ob\u00e9issance \u00e0 la loi, on va faire usage d\u2019armes \u00e0 feu et que les bons citoyens se retirent\u00a0\u00bb. Malheureusement, en RDC, la plus part des manifestations ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9prim\u00e9es par la force, et sans aucun avertissement ni sans faire illusion du respect des principes de proportionnalit\u00e9 et de progressivit\u00e9.<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2621 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/cpn.congopeacenetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Wiston-M-300x210.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"471\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Wiston-M-300x210.png 300w, https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Wiston-M-768x538.png 768w, https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Wiston-M.png 802w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">En d\u00e9finitive, 53 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 outill\u00e9es et form\u00e9es sur les d\u00e9fis et enjeux li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019exercice et la jouissance de la libert\u00e9 de manifestation en RDC, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 qu\u2019une manifestation constitue l\u2019un des moyens privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s par les citoyens pour affirmer leurs croyances, pour d\u00e9fendre leurs int\u00e9r\u00eats et ou pour renverser un r\u00e9gime politique, dit Marcel Ren\u00e9. Pour Congo Peace Network, \u00ab\u00a0La libert\u00e9 de manifestation est l\u2019une des grandes libert\u00e9s qu\u2019il faudra toujours respecter,defendre <a name=\"_GoBack\"><\/a>pour construire une v\u00e9ritable soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique en R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\"><span style=\"line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l\u2019article 26 de la constitution Congolaise; La \u00a0libert\u00e9 des manifestations est garantie. Toute manifestation sur les voies publiques ou en plein air, impose ses organisateurs d\u2019informer par \u00e9crit, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2620,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,3,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-activites","category-actualites","category-clubs"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2613"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2613\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2620"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/congopeacenetwork.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}